Integrating Schools of Psychology Through Integral Metatheory's Four Quadrants
Vùng 1: Hiện tượng học về Nhận thức Bản thân
Vùng 2: Chủ nghĩa Cấu trúc trong Phát triển Tâm lý
Vùng 5: Khoa học Nhận thức và Tương quan Thần kinh
Vùng 6: Chủ nghĩa Hành vi và Hành động Đo lường được
Vùng 3: Tâm lý học Hermeneutic
Intentional/Subjective (Individual & Interior)
****Zone 1: Phenomenology of Self-awarenessIn phenomenology, self-awareness is viewed as an essential aspect of consciousness that allows individuals to introspectively examine their experiences and feelings. This introspection leads to a deeper understanding of one's intentions and motivations, providing valuable insights into human behavior. (The Phenomenology of Mind, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, 1807.)
Zone 2: Structuralism in Psychological DevelopmentConstructive-developmental psychology, closely related to structuralism, posits that individuals progress through distinct stages of cognitive and emotional development. Understanding these stages provides a framework for analyzing the structural aspects of personality and behavioral changes across the lifespan. (The Growth of Logical Thinking from Childhood to Adolescence, Jean Piaget, 1958.)
Behavioral/Objective (Individual & Exterior)
Zone 5: Cognitive Science and Neural CorrelatesCognitive science explores the neural correlates of psychological processes, mapping how brain functions are associated with mental activities. This approach offers empirical insights that bridge psychological phenomena with biological mechanisms. (Cognitive Science: An Introduction to the Science of the Mind, José Luis Bermúdez, 2010.)
Zone 6: Behaviorism and Measurable ActionsBehaviorism emphasizes the analysis of observable and measurable behaviors, operating under the premise that behavior can be systematically influenced by its environment. This empirical method is crucial for developing evidence-based psychological interventions. (Walden Two, B.F. Skinner, 1948.)
Cultural/Inter-subjective (Collective & Interior)